Wednesday, June 27, 2012

Announcing the Windows 8 Editions


Today I would like to share information with you on the editions that will be available for "Windows 8" when it is released to market. We have talked about Windows 8 as Windows reimagined, from the chipset to the user experience. This also applies to the editions available – we have worked to make it easier for customers to know what edition will work best for them when they purchase a new Windows 8 PC or upgrade their existing PC.
Windows 8 has the flexibility you need - whether you’re on an x86/64 or a WOA PC. You can use a touch screen or a keyboard and mouse – and switch anytime. It’s beautiful, fast, and fluid design is perfect for a wide range of hardware. And you’ll love browsing through the Windows Store and downloading all the apps you want. And those apps can work together too so you can share photos, maps, contacts, links and whatever else you want faster and easier. All editions of Windows 8 offer a no-compromise experience.
First, Windows 8 is the official product name for the next x86/64 editions of Windows.
For PCs and tablets powered by x86 processors (both 32 and 64 bit), we will have two editions: Windows 8 and Windows 8 Pro. For many consumers, Windows 8 will be the right choice. It will include all the features above plus an updated Windows ExplorerTask Managerbetter multi-monitor support and the ability to switch languages on the fly (more details on this feature can be found in this blog post),which was previously only available in Enterprise/Ultimate editions of Windows. For China and a small set of select emerging markets, we will offer a local language-only edition of Windows 8.
Windows 8 Pro is designed to help tech enthusiasts and business/technical professionals obtain a broader set of Windows 8 technologies. It includes all the features in Windows 8 plus features for encryption, virtualization, PC management and domain connectivity. Windows Media Center will be available as an economical “media pack” add-on to Windows 8 Pro. If you are an enthusiast or you want to use your PC in a business environment, you will want Windows 8 Pro.
Windows RT is the newest member of the Windows family – also known as Windows on ARM or WOA, as we’ve referred to it previouslyThis single edition will only be available pre-installed on PCs and tablets powered by ARM processors and will help enable new thin and lightweight form factors with impressive battery life. Windows RT will include touch-optimized desktop versions of the new Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint, and OneNote. For new apps, the focus for Windows RT is development on the new Windows runtime, or WinRT, which we unveiled in September and forms the foundation of a new generation of cloud-enabled, touch-enabled, web-connected apps of all kinds.  For more details on WOA, we suggest reading this blog post which shares more detail on how we have been building Windows 8 to run on the ARM architecture.

Monday, June 25, 2012

All Pages in category Google services


All Pages in category Google services


3

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

O cont.

P

R

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V

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Y


SOURCE:WIKIPEDIA

Friday, June 22, 2012

Increase your website ranking in Google!


Increase your website ranking in Google!

Jean Bqvsyan - Journal of creative window 

Include: 
Google will see the upper-left corner of the site is highly valued because they are normally found in the code at first site. The last line of site is very important. Many Web sites in the last row, only to write the sentence stereotypes about their legal rights rely on the site. 

Increase your website ranking in Google! 


Valuable Web sites 
Google will see the upper-left corner of the site is highly valued because they are normally found in the code at first site. The last line of site is very important. Many Web sites in the last row, only to write the sentence stereotypes about their legal rights rely on the site. But in the last row can also be used for important keywords. The best case is that the main keywords of your choice, both in the top left of the screen and there is also the last row. 

When a keyword is searched in Google, Google search results page as well as a brief description of the page displays the results. We can choose the description that Google displays the description tag. In the past, however, in explaining this, we could focus on keywords and get higher in search results. The importance of this subject has recently been reduced. But note that it is very important for users and placing the appropriate description for each page to encourage users can search, choose our site. It ranks high on our own can be effective. Google's ranking algorithms take a look at the new post to be clearer. 

New Google Ranking Algorithm 
Google changes its algorithm has the month of July 2010. It's certainly not clear. But a major change, the impact of user actions, based on the ranking. 

Google's ranking algorithm is divided into four periods. The first version of Google was formed in 1998 and continued until 2003. Larry Page, Google co-founder, concluded that the criteria for ranking sites and not others should vote for the site owner. He created a concept called PageRank and Pyjrnk site was higher than the other sites would link to him. Bhnvy can do is vote to be desired. Larry Page, it argued that a Web page if the content is really valuable, other sites will Asharah this page. So the first generation of Google's algorithm "links rule" was named. All the attention was focused on that site owners to Lynksazy. Tried to link their sites to rank better to have more. This led to less focus on content and interest generated content is less valuable. 

In 2003, Google changed its algorithm and the emphasis placed on content. Each site had more content and worked on the content would be in a better position in search results. It did not affect the link, but a greater emphasis on content rather than links. The main reason for the change in Google algorithm, Google Adsense System was launched.But display advertising should be appropriate to the subject site and the site would be interested. Therefore very important for Google to increase the volume of content sites and related pages are enough to show ads. Google made the decision to site owners and content production Unhealthy pay for the first time in 2006 with a large number of searches conducted on Google overtook Yahoo and Google would immediately alarmed. 

In 2006, Google decided to retreat to its previous strategy and to put emphasis on the link. This practice continued until 2010 when the powerful sites existed that their content was created by users and site owners. And various social networking sites, share photos and movies of these were Bhashtrak. 

From July 2010, Google's new algorithm was used to its best possible results in any search is available to users. There are three factors that are decisive in this new algorithm will determine a rating. The first factor is the content or material that is placed on the site. The second factor that has links to other sites give you. The third and decisive factor was added to the algorithm, the site is up. 

Examples of active users online, voting papers and articles, write comments below any article or add any content to the site's content. It also appears active users elsewhere. When users do keyword searches, search the first 10 results are observed. If instead of a large percentage of these users click the first result they click on the second result, Google's intelligent system concludes that the second search result relevance to specific keywords and therefore should be placed in the first search result. 

Competition in many Persian sites in optimization is still not serious enough. Reason many keywords, the optimization of the site makes the first results of our search. That there is serious competition for the keywords, links and users show their importance. Now it is better to start up on three key areas, and never focused on one state. 

Link building 
Link building refers to activities that cause, other sites will link to our site. Each link is of course valuable. It is better to try to get links from sites that have high PageRank. Color page number between 1 and 10, which is attributed by Google sites. Their colors are usually the sites Page Rank 4 or higher is worth it when they get here. Web pages can see the colors of the site will www.prchecker.info. 
For example, if a site with the words "marketing education" should link to your site on the keyword "marketing training" puts a direct impact. Sometimes we will put a link on Unhealthy words. It is written: Click here to participate in the free market. The site is a link to the word "here" has no value for the site. 

Site optimization work is ongoing 
Many owners think the site is optimized working point and if one site is optimized for Google search results will be the first. This is not true. To maintain a good ranking in search results should be regularly referred to work on three important areas. And to add valuable content to the site. Following a valid link to our sites and we encourage users to have greater interaction with the site and the contents are being built.

Thursday, June 21, 2012

What Is SEO ?


Whenever you enter a query in a search engine and hit 'enter' you get a list of web results that contain that query term. Users normally tend to visit websites that are at the top of this list as they perceive those to be more relevant to the query. If you have ever wondered why some of these websites rank better than the others then you must know that it is because of a powerful web marketing technique called Search Engine Optimization (SEO).
SEO is a technique which helps search engines find and rank your site higher than the millions of other sites in response to a search query. SEO thus helps you get traffic from search engines.
This SEO tutorial covers all the necessary information you need to know about Search Engine Optimization - what is it, how does it work and differences in the ranking criteria of major search engines.

1. How Search Engines Work

The first basic truth you need to know to learn SEO is that search engines are not humans. While this might be obvious for everybody, the differences between how humans and search engines view web pages aren't. Unlike humans, search engines are text-driven. Although technology advances rapidly, search engines are far from intelligent creatures that can feel the beauty of a cool design or enjoy the sounds and movement in movies. Instead, search engines crawl the Web, looking at particular site items (mainly text) to get an idea what a site is about. This brief explanation is not the most precise because as we will see next, search engines perform several activities in order to deliver search results – crawlingindexingprocessingcalculating relevancy, and retrieving.
First, search engines crawl the Web to see what is there. This task is performed by a piece of software, called a crawler or a spider (or Googlebot, as is the case with Google). Spiders follow links from one page to another and index everything they find on their way. Having in mind the number of pages on the Web (over 20 billion), it is impossible for a spider to visit a site daily just to see if a new page has appeared or if an existing page has been modified, sometimes crawlers may not end up visiting your site for a month or two.
What you can do is to check what a crawler sees from your site. As already mentioned, crawlers are not humans and they do not see images, Flash movies, JavaScript, frames, password-protected pages and directories, so if you have tons of these on your site, you'd better run the Spider Simulator below to see if these goodies are viewable by the spider. If they are not viewable, they will not be spidered, not indexed, not processed, etc. - in a word they will be non-existent for search engines.After a page is crawled, the next step is to index its content. The indexed page is stored in a giant database, from where it can later be retrieved. Essentially, the process of indexing is identifying the words and expressions that best describe the page and assigning the page to particular keywords. For a human it will not be possible to process such amounts of information but generally search engines deal just fine with this task. Sometimes they might not get the meaning of a page right but if you help them by optimizing it, it will be easier for them to classify your pages correctly and for you – to get higher rankings.
When a search request comes, the search engine processes it – i.e. it compares the search string in the search request with the indexed pages in the database. Since it is likely that more than one page (practically it is millions of pages) contains the search string, the search engine starts calculating the relevancy of each of the pages in its index with the search string.
There are various algorithms to calculate relevancy. Each of these algorithms has different relative weights for common factors like keyword density, links, or metatags. That is why different search engines give different search results pages for the same search string. What is more, it is a known fact that all major search engines, like Yahoo!, Google, Bing, etc. periodically change their algorithms and if you want to keep at the top, you also need to adapt your pages to the latest changes. This is one reason (the other is your competitors) to devote permanent efforts to SEO, if you'd like to be at the top.
The last step in search engines' activity is retrieving the results. Basically, it is nothing more than simply displaying them in the browser – i.e. the endless pages of search results that are sorted from the most relevant to the least relevant sites.

Wednesday, June 20, 2012

All about Google — Presentation Transcript


  • 1. Everything you always wanted to know about Google…But were afraid to ask Paris, December 2008
  • 2. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons to allow for further contributions by other specialists and web users in the coming months. To view a copy of this Attribution-NonCommercial- ShareAlike3.0 Unported license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 1712nd Street, Suite300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 2
  • 3. Google key success factors : Web specific ? Scalability Network effects Data mining • Ability to easily grow at • The utility of a good or a • The web offers the marginal costs service varies with the opportunity to exploit and • Applied to infrastructures : number of users analyze a very large ability to adapt its size to • The reach of a critical amount of data high load & volumes mass of users constitutes • Users’ behavior can be • Applied to business a significant barrier to the analyzed to create models : ability to entry monetizing value monetize millions of users Openness Cocreation Business model • The traditional walled • Non-traditional actors • Advertising is not a market garden1 media strategy become part of the value but a business model becomes irrelevant chain • Any market that attract • Content and services must • Users, content creators advertising is a target for be open and interoperable and external developers Google to favor audience are given the tools to circulation create new markets and enrich services ..……. 1 Network or portal which offers only its own content or services to users December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 3
  • 4. 1 Why won’t Google be affected by the crisis ? 2 Why is Google trying to change the mobile world ? 3 Why isn’t YouTube a content portal ? 4 Why does Microsoft fear Google ? 5 How Google wants to compete with Facebook ? 6 Why is Google buying satellites ? 7 How does Google buy traffic ? 8 Why did Google acquire DoubleClick ? 9 Why doesn’t Google monetize all its services ? 10 How does Google capitalize on Open Source developers work ? 11 How did Google capture the offline advertising market ? 12 Why is Google stealing our voices ? 13 Is PageRank a really competitive advantage ? 14 How does Google turn advertising into information and performance ? Annex: Network effect, two-sided market, glossary, financial , contact ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 4
  • 5. 1 Why won’t Google be affected by the crisis ? 4 levers will allow Google to increase its revenues amidst the economic crisis Performance Bn$ 35 1 advertising Licenses and During a crisis, other performance revenues advertising gains market shares Internet Explosion of the Mobile non advertising + 3% 2007-2008 1 revenues On line Monetisation of +450% 2007-2008 video the Internet Mobile audience YouTube Bn$ 201 monetization 260 millions mobile subscribers increases worlwide oct 2008 1 Estimates 2008 : Revenues = 200 M $ 1 Revenues 2008 Revenues 2012 Google is in a situation in which it can resist the economic crisis and find new revenue sources, both advertising and non-advertising ..……. 1: faberNovel estimates December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 5
  • 6. 2 Why is Google trying to change the mobile world ? (1/2) Mobile industry is based on a “ traditional” locked values chain. Operating Terminal Portal Operator Web Contents System Examples: Entry barriers stop Google from applying its models to the mobile industry: Access restricted to services/contents Limited Network Access and to their improvement • Terminals assigned to a unique operator • Operator portals favored over other portals • Difficulty of interconnecting networks • Services offered by terminal manufacturers favored over other services • Closed operating systems The mobile industry is not suited for the Google development model based on openness, interoperability and network effects. ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 6
  • 7. 2 Why is Google trying to change the mobile world ? (1/2) In order to duplicate its open model, Google designed a three fold strategy : Android : Open Source Lobbying Telco partnerships O.S.1 • Android Developer Challenge: • Google candidacy for mobile • Pressure from Google to force Contest for developers to create license attribution aims to force the operators to offer its applications new applications for Android FCC2 to impose an openness as default options clause to the winner • Open Handset Alliance: Common initiative of 34 mobile • Sharing of advertising phone industry players • A success : clause partially revenues between Google and (manufacturers, suppliers and imposed on the winning bidder, operators distributors) aiming at spreading Verizon. Android In addition, Google developed and acquired mobile devices applications : Location-based Social Collaborative Games services Networks Tools ShareYour Grand central 3 Cab4me FreeFamilywatch Golfplay JOYit Wertago Jaiku 3 Board Google breaks open the mobile industry value chain to create an environment that will be fit to the distribution of its products and monetization model. ..……. 1 Operating System 2 Federal Communications Commission 3 Acquisitions December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 7
  • 8. 3 Why isn’t YouTube a content portal ? (1/2) YouTube acquisition is part of a strategy to monitor key content and audience hubs. Monetise contents Give access to Organise information through various information sources of audience •A new information silo: video • YouTube bandwidth • Broadcasting of contents search spending estimated to reach through Google websites as 1M$/day1 well as other sites •Next : Speech to text technology : information • Revenue sharing logic searches within video contents YouTube has already won the audience battle … 75% … 60% May 2008 16% 9% 4%8% 2% 3% 1% 1% May 2007 Market shares of 5 leading video websites, United States (may 2008 vs.may 2007) [%]2 1 NewYork Times ..……. 2 Hitwise 2008 December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 8
  • 9. 3 Why isn’t YouTube a content portal ? (2/2) Unlike its competition, YouTube follows an open logic and focuses primarily on developing content distribution tools : Encourage content Attract as many viewers as Monetize through relevant providers to use the service possible advertising tools • YouTube Program Partner : • Broadcasting videos on • Traditional advertising: Payed providers of semi- YouTube website and other AdSense and banners professional content Google sites (ex : Google.com, GoogleNews) • In-video advertising : Pre-roll, post-roll, overlay2 • Broadcasting contracts • Exporting videos (blogs, with major content providers social networks) and • Brand advertising: developing API1 for broadcasting video ads advanced broadcasting on within an environment third party websites coherent with the brand’s image • Broadcasting on all video devices : television, mobiles, • E-Commerce: Affiliation of multimedia players, video partner websites (Amazon, consoles Itunes, video games) YouTube acts as the platform of a two sided3 market composed of content providers and video seeking users. 1 Application Programming Interface. Standardized programming protocol allowing applications to communicate 2 Clickable text advertising displayed on a video 3 See Annex ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 9
  • 10. 4 Why does Microsoft fear Google ? Google’s ambition isn’t limited to “in browser” Web services, but extends to any online or offline application market. Google sets out to enter the online application market, MSFT’s cash cow : Disruption of offline application Consolidation of the online market segments environment • Launching of the Office Google • Launching of Google Gears: software pack: a word-processor, Open Source project allowing an a spreadsheet program, a offline use of online applications presentation tool and a calendar • Free alternative to Microsoft Office pack • Claimed ambition of becoming a standard and encouraging online languages as opposed to offline programming languages • Acquisition of SketchUp, a 3D modeling software with a free version made available Google partly « destroys » Microsoft’s market when shifting value from offline to online ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 10
  • 11. 5 How Google wants to compete with Facebook ? In 2007, Google launched Opensocial : a series of multi platform API allowing developers to create compatible applications with partnering social networks, Ex : Slideshare application available on Linkedin and hi5 OpenSocial is not a Facebook competitor but a «meta-social network ». Network Network effects effects Network effects Google wants to become the « social data search engine » and to monetize this data, leveraging network effects. Facebook’s platform is limited, Google’s is the whole Web ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 11
  • 12. 6 Why is Google buying satellites ? (1/2) Since 2005, Google has been multiplying investments in all kinds of infrastructures: • Free Wifi in Mountain View • Investment in Fon: shared Wifi access Wifi Gratuit Satellite Wimax • 60 M$ Investment • Partnership • Internet access in • A mobile high-speed developing countries internet access technology • A 100 M users Baloon market by the end of Backbone1 Wifi 2008 • Partnership • 100 M$ investment announcement • Expansion of high- • Internet access speed networks technology superior to satellites for isolated areas ..……. 1 Long distance high-speed networks, core of the Internet network December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 12
  • 13. 6 Why is Google buying satellites ? (2/2) Internet infrastructures is actually Google’s business infrastructure: Traffic on Google websites depends on internet infrastructure development and availability (Backbone, Wifi, Satellite,…) Google has three objectives when investing in the upstream part of its value chain: Strengthen and secure existing • Strengthening and securing existing infrastructure infrastructure lightens Google’s dependancy on its providers • Favouring high-speed Internet access means more Favor high-speed Internet access time spent and usage volumes, thus increases Google services usage Prioritize Internet access for • Future web users are Google services’ next unconnected countries or populations users Through infrastructures investments, Google reinforces its traffic providers and increases access to its services. ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 13
  • 14. 7 How does Google buy traffic ? Google asserts its ability to attract users on the sole basis of its services quality and without turning to advertising… Truth is Google largely buys traffic from providers Browsers Manufacturers Toolbar Portals •Firefox: 60 million daily • In 2006, partnership users in 2008 deal with Dell to have the • The Google Toolbar is part of the web navigator, •Google finances 85% of Google search engine which makes Google the • In 2005, Google bought Firefox in exchange for appear by default on Dell a 5% stake in AOL for 1 computers default search engine having its search engine billion$ (20 million embedded in the browser • In 2008, partnership • Adobe installs it as part subscribers at time of deal) of a package with deal with Apple to have the • Google became AOL’s Google search engine Shockwave(2006) white label search engine appear by default on • Sun has been installing • Google expands its Iphones (13 million devices it as part of a package with advertising network reach sold by october 2008) Java since 2005 (20 million • Partnerships with uploads/month) manufacturers allow the search engine to be guaranteed to in a prime position. Google has the financial power to buy traffic from partners, accessing to massive audiences. ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 14
  • 15. 8 Why did Google acquire DoubleClick ? • In 2007, Google acquired DoubleClick, one of the world leaders in display advertising : To position itself on the banner To reach for highly popular market websites Google « moves up » the long tail Market shares of main online of advertisers advertisers in relation to website traffic 1 Ad budget per advertiser Advertising < 100k 100k- >1Mon houses UV2 1M UV2 UV2 Banner Market Adbrite 4,1% 4,9% 0,5% Text ad market AOL 1,9% 6,5% 5,7% DoubleClick 9,1% 29,9% 48,0% Google 71,4% 41,6% 15,8% advertising Traditional MSN 6,6% 6,3% 12,8% market Yahoo 4,7% 7,3% 16,5% Number of advertisers Google acquired DoubleClick to gain an expertise (display) and global market shares (highly popular websites) 1 www.attributor.com/blog/2008/03/ 2 Unique Visitors ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 15
  • 16. Why doesn’t Google monetize all of its 9 services? Some Google services are free of charge and monetized through advertising : Blogger: blog creating tool Google Health: service for managing and storing personal medical information GoogleNews: personalized mash-up of news articles and summary Picasa: photo sharing service Google SketchUp: 3D model creating tool Goog-411: phone information service … These services are actually indirectly monetized : Tools designed to Products specifically Attract new customers generate audience are developed to improve through loss leaders made available other Google products Monetization of blogs created on Google 411 created to better the Picasa devised as a loss leader Blogger through AdSense or video indexing on YouTube towards other Google products FeedBurner Google global strategy allows strong indirect monetization of its products ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 16
  • 17. 10 How does Google capitalize on Open Source developers work ? Google encourages development of open source applications: • Google code: platform designed for Open Source developers Supplied with guides, tutorials, code extracts of Google products • Google Search Code: code search engine Automatic referencing of all code sections that can be found on the Internet • Events created for the Open Source community: Google Summer of Code: grants awarded to Open Source student projects Google Developer Days: seminars dedicated to Google products Through support of Open Source community, Google pursues 4 objectives: Development of Open Increase of total Promotion of a more Assembling a free Source langages used Internet traffic « open » Web public relations team by Google •New applications •Increasing the •Developers’ chats are •The number of create new uses, interoperability a very effective public available Open Source leading to increased multiplies network relation tool codes encourages the total traffic effects1 emerging of new •Opensource is products becoming an •Feedback of Open advantage to attack Source developers proprietary code helps creating new strategies products Google supports the Open Source community in a spirit of collaborative creation, one of Google’s strategic pillars ..……. 1 See Annex December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 17
  • 18. 11 How did Google capture the offline advertising market ? Online advertising market accounts for only 8% of the US market1: 3% 7% 8% Billboards Radio Most offline media (television, 44% 17% Internet Daily Press radio, press,…) begin to be IP- News Press Television ready with online versions 21% Google is exploring the offline ad market! • Ad transfer from online to offline (YouTube on television) • Entry on traditional offline markets (radio, billboards,…) • Integration of offline techniques (traditional fixed pricing) • Partial adaptation of AdWords onto radio and television Google’s entry on this market anticipates new uses and broadens its offer. Not specifically successful for now… ..……. 1 TNS Media Intelligence, US advertising market December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 18
  • 19. 12 Why is Google stealing our voices? In 2007, Google launched Google Voice Local Search in the United States, a free and automated phone directory service : What is the business model of this free and ad-free service ? Google is creating a database of phonemes, recorded during calls in order to better its speech to text1 technologies: Creation of a Development Indexing of Indexing of all of « speech to phoneme text » YouTube audio/voice database audio tracks sources technologies 2 Bla bla bla Externalizing tasks onto users (« crowdsourcing 3») is a commonly used process by Google to improve its products. 1 Converting oral information into text 2 First experiments with political videos posted during the presidential campaign of 2008. 3 Neologism created in 2006 by Jeff Howe and Mark Robinson, Wired magazine editors ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 19
  • 20. 13 Is PageRank a really competitive advantage ? (1/2) PageRank is Google’s link analysis algorithm that measures the probability that a page will be relevant to user’s query : Based on the correlation between the amount of links towards a page and their relevance It accounts for the notoriety of the sites that link to the page in question PageRank’s simplified formula is : (A page’s (u) PR is the sum of all PRs of pages linking to u (v), divided by the respective number of outbound links contained in pages v) Google1 claims that PageRank is one of its search engine’s main competitive advantage : A « champion of The search engine’s A tool unlikely to be democracy » « cornerstone » tampered with 1 http://www.google.fr/why_use.html ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 20
  • 21. 13 Is PageRank a really competitive advantage ? (2/2) A tool that can’t be tampered with? An outdated technology? Sale or exchange of famous website links Launch of search engines that (webringing) don’t use tools such as Search Engine Optimization1 techniques PageRank (Cuil, Powerset) Google’s search engine success relies on other factors : Relevance guaranteed Scalable architecture Quick/simple queries by 200 other criteria • Capacity of increasing/ • Clear query interface • The search engine’s growing according to the • Simple and quick algorithm was subjected to volume of indexed pages presentation of results 450 modifications in 2007 and number of queries • 2 millions servers by 2008 PageRank is only one of many Google’s search competitive advantages. It is certainly not the main entry barrier to competitors on the search market. 1 Set of techniques aiming at improving a site’s referencing on a search engine. ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 21
  • 22. 14 How does Google turn advertising into information and performance?(1/2) « Advertising income often provides an incentive to deliver poor quality search results» Sergey Brin & Larry Page Most advertising models present strong weaknesses Undefined Strong intrusion Weak relevance performance • Large size adverts • Influence results by • Impossible to reward • Slows down results making paid for clients efficient advertising display from a search appear first • Example : television ads engine query • Example: Opentext/Kelkoo • No direct measure of real • Little or non-existent performance targeting • Example : invoicing according to the number of displays (CPM) ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 22
  • 23. 14 How does Google turn advertising into information and performance?(2/2) Displays advertising defines Relevance Quality Score Performance For the user Direct impact on advertising value For the advertiser Most relevant ad Qualityscore measures the relevance of the ad and is determined by the click throug rate on the ad. It impacts the display rank and Cost per Click: • Rank: relevant ads are pushed up, non relevant ads do not appear • Cost per click of the ad : performant Total cost of the advertising ads are charged less campaign is determined by the number of clicks on the ads and Less relevant ad not by the number of displays. Google’s advertising model benefits the user (improved relevance) as well as the publisher (performance based billing & rebates) ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 23
  • 24. Google : the network circulation value creation model Traditional value creation Network value creation Eg : Microsoft Eg : Google $ Gmail $ Apps Server Products $ Apps $ $ $ Search $ Customer engine Business products Products $ $ $ $ $ $ Partners Entertain Youtube ment $ The global value of the company relies The global value of the company relies on independent lines of on traffic between network parts products/business units (proprietary or partners) ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 24
  • 25. Going further : are Google’s key success factors limited to Google • Our conviction : Every company innovating in the digital industry must address and capitalize on the 6 identified key success factors to perform on digital markets. • Our proposition : faberNovel proposes to align companies strategy, development projects and existing products with these factors to ensure success optimization and market performance. Download our comprehensive White Paper « Google’s key success factors » http://www.fabernovel.com ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 25
  • 26. Annex • Definition : network effects • Definition : two-sided market • Pricing of a two-sided market • Glossary • Financial datas • Acknowledgement • Contacts ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 26
  • 27. What is a network effect? • A network effect describes how a service becomes more valuable to its users as more people use that same service Phone’s utility is limited if The utility for a user According to Metcalfe’s the network is composed raises if the network law, the utility(U) of a of 2 users broadens network is proportional to the square of the number (n) of its users U ≈ k*n2 Network effects creates critical masses of users. They represent significant barriers to entry for competitors. ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 27
  • 28. What is a two-sided market? • A two sided market consists of a platform allowing 2 groups of clients/providers to interact and which optimizes the revenue distribution among these groups with the objective of maximizing market sizes. Exemple of the video game market Crossed network effects Internal Price A Price B network Side A Side B effects Developers Consumers Network effects in action Internal effects Crossed effects • A potential market for a • Utility to a new developer developer gets bigger as more increases as the community of consumers enter the said market developers grows (shared knowledge) • The number of games available to the consumer increases with • Utility to a new consumer the number of developers increases as the community of working on the platform consumers grows (secondhand market) ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 28
  • 29. Pricing of a two-sided market Price A > 0 Price A < 0 Side A Platform1 Face A Platform1 • The platform may charge a side • … or subsidize a side • Example 1 : Apple Appstore charges • Example 3 : Google Android finances developers by taking a revenue share developers through a contest on sold applications • Example 4 : Youtube finances video • Example 2 : Microsoft makes content providers consumers pay for video games Who should you be charging? Who should be subsidized? The platform must subsidize the groupe that is most price-sensitive and charge the group that is most sensitive to the other group’s size. 1 Provided the sum of price A + price B is a fixed figure, a platform financing a group automatically charges the other group and vice versa ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 29
  • 30. Financial data (1/2) Revenues and Net margin (M$) Revenue distribution/activity (B$) 439 1466 3189 6139 10604 16594 Total 16,6 Revenues 0,2 1% CAGR Revenues 02-07 : 107% Net CAGR Net margin 02-07 : 112% Licences and other 5,8 34% margin revenus Partner websites (AdSense) 10,6 4203 3077 Google web sites 1465 65% 100 106 399 CA 2007 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Net margin’s growth outperform Most of Google’s revenues still revenues’ growth come from its own websites 78% 79% 85% 2005 2006 2007 Advertising revenue share to partner web sites is increasing2 and is the highest of the market ..……. Source: Google financial tables 2007 2 : calculated as Traffic Acquisition Cost/Google Network web sites revenues December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 30
  • 31. Financial data (2/2) Advertising revenues Turnover Traffic acquisition costs R&D investments 6139 10604 16594 16,4 10,5 30,1% 599 1229 2120 34,9% 6,1 31,5% 9,0% 11,0% 12,0% 2,1 3,3 4,9 2005 2006 2007 2005 2006 2007 Controlled traffic acquisition costs High R&D investments 34,9% of advertising revenus in 2005 vs 30,1% in 2007 +88%/year between 2005 and 2007 + 26% 1,9 2,4 2005 2006 Data center costs are under control In Billion $ : +26% 2006/2007 (vs +72% revenues) ..……. Source: rapport annuel Google 2007 December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 31
  • 32. Glossary • API : application programming interface. Standardized programming protocol allowing applications to communicate • Internet Backbone : main trunk connections of the Internet, made up of a large collection of interconnected high-capacity data routes and core routers that carry data across the countries and continents • Crowd sourcing : act of outsourcing a task to users • Data center : facility used to house computer systems and associated components • O.S. : operating system • Overlay ad : clickable text advertising displayed on a video • Scalability: property of a process, which indicates its ability to handle growing amounts of work easily • Search Engine Optimization : process of improving the volume and quality of traffic to a web site from search engines via natural search results (as opposed to paid search results) • Speech To Text : technology converting spoken words to machine-readable input such as text • Walled Garden : closed or exclusive set of information services provided for users by a network or portal ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 32
  • 33. Acknowledgements To faberNovel contributors : • Amaury de Buchet, VP Consulting • Cyril Vart, VP Strategy & Development • Alexis Arquié, Junior Project Analyst • Mounir Fassouane, Junior Project Analyst To the bloggers : • Olivier Ertzscheid from affordance.typepad.com/ • Google Operating System : googlesystem.blogspot.com/ • Richard MacManus from readwriteweb.com/ • Techcrunch.com & Mobilecrunch.com/ • Frédéric Cavazza from fredcavazza.net/ ..……. December 2008 • Everything you always wanted to know about Google… • 33
  • Source:http://www.slideshare.net/misteroo/all-about-google-presentation
  • For get more information about google vist this site : http://www.google.com/about/

Monday, June 18, 2012

IT NEWS :Attack code published for two actively exploited


Attack code published for two actively exploited vulnerabilities in Microsoft software

Exploit modules for the CVE-2012-1875 and CVE-2012-1889 vulnerabilities were added to the Metasploit framework

Attack code for two actively exploited vulnerabilities in Microsoft software, one of which has not yet been patched, was integrated into the open source Metasploit penetration testing framework.
One of the vulnerabilities is identified as CVE-2012-1875 and is located in Internet Explorer. Attackers can exploit it to execute malicious code by tricking users into visiting a specially crafted Web page or opening a Microsoft Office document that has a malicious ActiveX control embedded into it.
[ The Web browser is your portal to the world -- as well as the conduit that lets in many security threats. InfoWorld's expert contributors show you how to secure your Web browsers in this "Web Browser Security Deep Dive" PDF guide. | Stay up to date on the latest security developments with InfoWorld's Security Central newsletter. ]
Microsoft addressed the security flaw on Tuesday as part of its MS12-037 security bulletin, but according to security researchers from antivirus vendor McAfee, the vulnerability had been actively exploited in attacks since at least June 1.
The flaw was recently used by hackers to infect the computers of people who visited Amnesty International's Hong Kong website with malware, security researchers from Symantec said in a blog post on Monday.
"Microsoft is aware of limited attacks attempting to exploit the vulnerability," Microsoft said on Tuesday. "However, when the security bulletin was released, Microsoft had not seen any examples of proof of concept code published."
That has now changed. The attack code for CVE-2012-1875 integrated into Metasploit targets Internet Explorer 8 on Windows XP with Service Pack 3.
The second actively exploited vulnerability for which an exploit module was added to Metasploit is identified as CVE-2012-1889 and is located in Microsoft XML Core Services.
According to researchers from security vendor Trend Micro, attacks targeting this particular flaw prompted Google to display warnings about state-sponsored attacks to Gmail users earlier this month.
Microsoft has yet to release a security patch for this vulnerability. However, a Microsoft "Fix it" tool that blocks the attack vector is available for download.
Even though the vulnerability affects versions 3, 4, 5 and 6 of Microsoft XML Core Services and can be exploited through both Internet Explorer and Microsoft Office, the exploit integrated into Metasploit only targets Microsoft XML Core Services 3.0 via IE6 and IE7 on Windows XP SP3.
The public availability of exploit code for both of these vulnerabilities increases the chances that they will be exploited in new attacks. Users are advised to install the security patch for CVE-2012-1875 and the Microsoft Fix it tool for CVE-2012-1889 as soon as possible in order to protect themselves.

source: http://www.infoworld.com

What is the Internet?

What is the Internet?



The Internet is a global network of computers. Every computer that is connected to the Internet is considered a part of that network. This means even your home computer. It's all a matter of degrees, you connect to your ISP's network, then your ISP connects to a larger network and so on.
At the top of the tree is the high-capacity backbones, all of these interconnect at 'Network Access Points' 'NAPs' at important regions around the world. The entire Internet is based on agreements between these backbone providers who set in place all the fibre optics lines and other technical aspects of the Internet.
The Internet has it's origins in the creative work of the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the U.S. government. APRA heavily developed communication systems, and a computer communications network called ARPANet in 1969. The ARPANet connected up academic and government institutions. The network was mainly used for accessing files and to send email.
ARPANet ran on the NCP protocol, developed by Vinton Cerf in the 1970's. He was joined by Robert E. Kahn in 1973, and they set forth to develop a new and improved protocol. They finally developed the TCP/IP protocol suite, a more flexible and powerful protocol that was applied to ARPANet on January 1st, 1983. The Internet still run on the TCP/IP protocol, and it's why January 1st, 1983 is commonly thought of as the day the Internet was born. It's also why Vinton Cerf and Robert E. Kahn are recognised as the fathers of the Internet.
Since 1983 the Internet has accommodated alot of changes. The original Internet backbone, which was ARPANET, was beginning to show it's age and was finally replaced by the NSFNet backbone in 1989. NSFNet was government sponsored and lasted until 1995, when commercial networks developed their own routing architecture, and the Internet was finally decentralised. The heart of the Internet is now controlled by these self designated Tier 1 networks.
The Internet can now be best analysed a range of tiers. At the top is tier one networks which connect to the entirety of the Internet and do not pay for their access. Some of the recognised tier one networks are AT&T, GBLX, L3, NTT, Qwest, Sprint, Tata and Savvis. It would be fair to say that these networks are at the centre of the Internet. Tier two networks have to pay for upstream IP access from their tier one counterparts, some examples of tier two networks are BT, Deutsche Telekom and France Telecom. As you may have deduced, virtually all tier one networks are based in the US.
That said, the internal makeup of the Internet goes largely unnoticed by the majority of end users. For them, the last two decades has seen the Internet accommodate such things as network LANs and ATM and frame switched services. The Internet continues to evolve, and is becoming available on a wider selection of technologies, such as mobile phones, pagers and possibly on televisions in the future.
The actual term "Internet" was finally defined in 1995 by FNC (The Federal Networking Council). The resolution created by the The Federal Networking Council (FNC) agrees that the following language reflects our definition of the term "Internet". "Internet" refers to the global information system that,
  • Is logically linked together by a globally unique address space based on the Internet Protocol (IP) or its subsequent extensions/follow-ons.
  • Is able to support communications using the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite or its subsequent extensions/follow-ons, and/or other IP-compatible protocols.
  • Provides, uses or makes accessible, either publicly or privately, high level services layered on the communications and related infrastructure described herein.
The Internet and the World Wide Web are closely related but are not the same